Analisis Peluang dan Tantangan Perdagangan Produk Pertanian Rempah-rempah Indonesia dengan India Tahun 2025

Abstract

The spice trade represents a strategic subsector contributing significantly to Indonesia's agricultural export performance. India positions itself as a crucial trading partner due to its massive spice consumption preferences and consistent demand escalation within the food, pharmaceutical, and herbal product industries. This study aims to analyze the constellation of structural opportunities and challenges in the spice commodity trade between Indonesia and Indonesia in 2025. A qualitative approach utilizing descriptive methods is applied in this study, leveraging authoritative secondary data gathered from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Trade, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the ASEAN Secretariat, and related scientific literature. Data analysis was operated through descriptive techniques integrated with the SWOT framework to map internal and external determinants affecting the competitive capability of domestic exports. Research findings confirm that high market absorption in India, Indonesia's comparative advantage as a global producer, and tariff incentives from the ASEAN-India Free Trade Area (AIFTA) serve as the primary catalysts for escalating export volume. Conversely, intense international rivalry, the dominance of raw material exports, limited processing technology adoption, and rigid quality standardization remain determinant constraints that must be addressed. Therefore, it is essential to formulate strategies oriented toward accelerating agro-industrial downstreaming, tightening product quality control, integrating modern technology, and vertically diversifying high-value-added derivatives to boost the macro-competitiveness of Indonesian spices in the Indian market.